000			03502nam a2200397 4500
001			0015548
005			20260608202958.0
008			260224s2016 xxu
082			_a622.338.5 Z43 0015548
245	0	0	_aUnconventional oil and gas resources handbook _bEvaluation and development
260			_aOxford _bElsevier _c2016
270			_a20/04/2016 ; 20/04/2016
300			_a536 p.
520			_aWhile different definitions have been proposed for unconventional resources, we consider the subsurface hydrocarbon resources that are tight and must be developed using large hydraulic fracture treatments or methods such as steam injection to be unconventional reservoirs. These geological formations generally have very low permeability or high viscosity; they include tight gas sandstones, shale gas, coalbed methanes, shale oil, oil or tar sands, heavy oil, gas hydrates, and other low-permeability tight formations. On the other hand, conventional reservoirs are those that can be economically developed generally with vertical wellbores and without the use of massive stimulation treatments or the injection of heat. Before the recent downturn in the oil industry, development of unconventional resources had a terrific run, especially in the North Americas. For example, the U.S. has been producing more oil than it had since the 1970’s as a result of oil production from unconventional plays. While crude oil price went down dramatically in late 2014 and early 2015, there may be a silver lining behind the recent price plunge. Historically, the crude oil price has been very volatile, increasing and then decreasing suddenly, but the worldwide consumption of oil and gas keep increasing annually. The International Energy Agency (IEA) has recently reported that the world oil demand is expanding at a fast pace and it was raising its estimate for demand growth in the long term. Also, the industry has historically been able to improve the efficiency of extracting hydrocarbons when facing the challenges of low prices. A downturn gives us some time to step back, review what has been done, and think about possible improvements and innovations. Efficiency can be fostered by an integrated, multidisciplinary approach and innovative technologies for evaluation and development of unconventional resources. Large heterogeneity of unconventional formations and high extraction costs lead to substantial uncertainty and risk in developing these reservoirs. Multidisciplinary approaches in evaluating these resources are critical to successful development. This multidisciplinary approach is why we have assembled this handbook that covers a wide range of topics for developing unconventional resources
773			_g
942			_cLIBRO
100	1		_aZee Ma, Y. _955320
100	1		_aHolditch, Stephen A. _94176
650		0	_aYacimientos no convencionales _9693
650		0	_aReservas _921839
650		0	_aReservas de petróleo _99272
650		0	_aReservas de gas natural _94054
650		0	_aGeoquímica _9992
650		0	_aEvaluación de reservas de hidrocarburos _914375
650		0	_aShale Gas _949725
650		0	_aPorosidad _955
650		0	_aGeomecánica _9565
650		0	_aFracturación hidráulica _983
650		0	_aMicrosísmica _9602
650		0	_aInterpretación de perfiles _91662
650		0	_aTight gas _9701
650		0	_aCoalbed methane _952606
650		0	_aGlosarios _97062
650		0	_aTerminología _9267
999			_c189525 _d189525