000			02860nab a2200277 4500
005			20260520004417.0
008			260224s2013 xxu ing
041			_aInglés
245	0	0	_aMechanically Induced Fracture-Face Skin--Insights From Laboratory Testing and Modeling Approaches
260			_a _b _cfeb. 2013
270			_a28/05/2013 ; 17/04/2013
300			_a9 p. ; 26-35
520			_aTranscripción del resumen del autor: In the context of this work, a new formation-damage mechanism is proposed--the mechanically induced fracture-face skin (FFS). This new mechanism results from mechanical interactions between the proppants and the reservoir rock caused by the increasing stress on the rock/proppant system during production. Proppant embedment into the fracture face and proppant crushing lead to fines production and may impair the fracture performance. To achieve sustainable, long-term productivity from a reservoir, it is indispensable to understand the hydraulic and mechanical interactions in rock/proppant systems. In this study, permeability measurements on sandstones with propped fractures under stress using various flow cells were performed, allowing localization and quantification of the mechanical damage at the fracture face. The laboratory experiments identified a permeability reduction at the fracture face of up to 90%. The mechanical damage at the rock/proppant interface began immediately with loading of the rock/proppant system and for fracture-closure stresses less than 35 MPa; the damage was localized at the fracture face. Microstructure analysis identified quartz-grain crushing, fines production, and pore-space blocking at the fracture face, causing the observed mechanically induced FFS. At higher stresses, damage and embedment of the ceramic proppants reduce the fracture permeability further. Numerical modeling of the rock/proppant system identified highly inhomogeneous stress distributions in the granular system of grains and proppants. High tensile-stress concentrations beneath the area of contact between quartz grains and proppants were observed, even at small differential stress applied to the rock/proppant system. These high-stress concentrations were responsible for the early onset of damage at the fracture face. Therefore, even low differential stresses, which are expected under in-situ conditions, may affect the productivity of a hydraulically fractured well.
581			_a1
773	0		_tSPE Journal _g18
942			_cARTICULO
100	1		_aReinicke, Andreas _953006
100	1		_aBlöcher, Guido _953007
100	1		_aZimmermann, Günter _953008
100	1		_aHuenges, Ernst _953009
100	1		_aDresen, Georg _953010
100	1		_aStanchits, Sergei _953011
100	1		_aLegarth, Björn _953012
100	1		_aMakurat, Axel _953013
999			_c187606 _d187606