000			01735nab a2200205 4500
005			20260520000928.0
008			260224s2011 xxu
245	0	0	_aDevelopment of biochar-based catalyst for transesterification of canola oil
260			_a _b _cene./feb. 2011
270			_a04/04/2011 ; 04/04/2011
300			_a8 p. ; 337–344
520			_aTranscripción del resumen del autor. Heterogeneous catalysts bearing sulfonic acid groups were prepared using biochar as the carbon support. Biochar samples were first treated with KOH before carbonization at different temperatures (450, 675, and 875 °C) then sulfonated using fuming H2SO4 at 150 °C for 15 h. The sulfonated catalysts were characterized using BET surface area and porosity, elemental analysis, total acid density, FT-IR spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and thermogravimetric analysis. Catalytic performance was determined via the transesterification of canola oil with methanol. The reaction yield was found to be dependent on both catalyst surface area and total acid density, suggesting that the maximum yield would be obtained for a catalyst prepared from char carbonized between 675 and 875 °C. FT-IR spectra and XRD patterns reveal that higher carbonization temperatures cause an increasing reorientation of the biochar’s carbon sheets toward a more graphite-like structure, decreasing the total acid density despite the increasing surface area. Catalyst reusability was poor under high temperature/pressure conditions.
581			_a1
773	0		_tEnergy & fuels _g25
942			_cARTICULO
100	1		_aYu, Joyleene T. _945062
100	1		_aDehkhoda, Amir Mehdi _945063
100	1		_aEllis, Naoko _945064
999			_c174411 _d174411