000			04329nmc a2200313 4500
005			20260608201336.0
008			260224s2004 dcu ing
041			_aInglés
245	0	0	_aCompendium of Greenhouse Gas Emissions Estimation Methodologies for the Oil and Gas Industry
260			_aWashington _b _c2004
270			_a22/02/2011 ; 30/07/2009
520			_aTRANSCRIPCIÓN DE LA INTRODUCCIÓN PUBLICADA POR LOS AUTORES (RESUMIDA): This Compendium of Greenhouse Gas Emissions Estimation Methodologies for the Oil and Gas Industry (referred to as the Compendium) aims to accomplish the following goals: ; Assemble an expansive collection of relevant emission factors for estimating GHG emissions, based on currently available public documents; ; Outline detailed procedures for conversions between different measurement unit systems,with particular emphasis on implementation of oil and gas industry standards; ; Provide descriptions of the multitude of oil and gas industry operations—in its varioussegments—and the associated emissions sources that should be considered; and ; Develop emission inventory examples—based on selected facilities from the varioussegments—to demonstrate the broad applicability of the methodologies. 1.1 Background 1.2 DOCUMENT OVERVIEW: Methodologies outlined in this Compendium can be used to guide the estimation of GHG emissions for individual projects, entire facilities or company-wide inventories. The purpose of the GHG analysis, as well as the availability of data, will generally determine the level of detail and the estimation approach to be selected. The methodologies presented here focus on estimating CO2, CH4, and N2O emissions from oil and gas industry operations. This should not imply that emissions of these GHG compounds are necessarily significant for all emission sources or industry operations, as emission rates are highly variable. Rather, these three GHG compounds were selected because they are the most relevant to the oil and gas industry. Other compounds may require evaluation for specific, non-traditional operations, or as new data become available. 1.3 Organization Section 2.0 of this Compendium provides a description of the various industry segments and their interrelation. It sets out a common classification for all devices in the various segments and includes listings of operations and sources that need to be assessed for their CO2, CH4, and N2O emissions. Section 3 presents detailed technical considerations and suggestions for developing a consistent emissions estimate. To allow for global use of the estimation approaches, this section of the Compendium contains conversion factors, standard gas conditions, and fuel properties for fuels typically found in the oil and gas industry. Sections 4, 5, and 6 provide the compiled calculation methodologies for combustion sources,vented sources, and fugitive sources, respectively. Each section presents the details of various estimation approaches for each source, device, or operation and also includes example calculations. Section 7 presents emission inventory examples for each industry segment. These examples are used to demonstrate methodology and emissions tabulations to help the reader determine the key emission sources for that type of facility. The examples constructed have an abundance of different types of equipment and devices for illustrative purposes, but are not intended to be representative of any specific facility or industry sector.
942			_cARCHIVO
100	1		_aShires, Theresa M. _941666
100	1		_aLoughran, Christopher J. _941667
100	1		_ghttp://www.api.org/ehs/climate/new/upload/2004_COMPENDIUM.pdf _941668
110	2		_aAmerican Petroleum Institute, API _9105
650		0	_aImpacto ambiental. Upstream _9227
650		0	_aImpacto ambiental. Transporte de hidrocarburos _91357
650		0	_aContaminación atmosférica _91137
650		0	_aGases del efecto invernadero _96966
650		0	_aEmisiones gaseosas _93218
650		0	_aEmisiones fugitivas _941669
650		0	_aContaminación atmosférica _91137
650		0	_aContaminación por hidrocarburos _91174
650		0	_aFactor de emisión _941670
999			_c170230 _d170230
856			_uhttp://www.api.org/ehs/climate/new/upload/2004_COMPENDIUM.pdf