000 03188nmc a2200325 4500
005 20260520005608.0
008 260224s2001 xxu ing
041 _aInglés
245 0 0 _aPhysical and Numerical Simulation of an Extra-Heavy Crude Oil Downhole Upgrading Process Using Hydrogen Donors Under Cyclic Steam Injection Conditions
_bSPE 69561
260 _aDallas, Texas
_bSociety of Petroleum Engineers
_c2001
270 _a12/09/06 ; 17/07/01
520 _aPhysical simulation experiments of a Downhole Upgrading Process showed that use of a hydrogen donor additive (tetralin) in the presence of methane (natural gas) and the mineral formation under steam injection conditions (280°C and residence times greater than 24 h) led to an increase of at least three degree in API gravity of the treated Extra-Heavy Crude Oil, three-fold viscosity reduction and, approximately, 8% decrease in the asphaltene content with respect to the original crude. In the present work, a continuous bench scale plant was used at different temperatures (280-315°C) and residence times (24-64 h) for carrying out kinetic studies. A reaction model involving four pseudo-components (light, medium, heavy and asphaltene fractions) was used and the kinetic parameters (pre-exponential factors and activation energies) were determined. Using these data, compositional-thermal numerical simulations were carried out and validated using the bench scale data. The results showed a good match between the calculated and experimental °API gravities of the upgraded crude oil (average relative error 4%) Using the previous model, the Downhole Upgrading Process was numerically simulated under cyclic steam injection conditions (injection of 2500 bbl/d of 1:1 steam/tetralin with 75% quality steam) for 20 days, followed by 10 days of soaking period) in a typical Orinoco Basin reservoir (9°API). The simulation runs showed the production of 12°API upgraded crude oil, accumulated over a 100 day-cycle. However, a reduction in the percentage of conversion of tetralin was observed (0.8%) in comparison with the bench scale experiments (3%), which was attributed to gravitational segregation of the steam coupled with low mixing efficiency of the hydrogen donor with the extra-heavy crude oil at reservoir conditions.
942 _cCONGTP
100 1 _aOvalles, Cesar
_96299
100 1 _aMartinis, Jorge
_96300
100 1 _aPérez-Pérez, Alfredo
_96301
100 1 _aCotte, Edgar
_96302
100 1 _aCastellanos, Luis
_96303
100 1 _aRodríguez, Héctor
_9845
111 2 _aLatin American and Caribbean Petroleum Engineering Conference (7th : 2001 mar. 25-28 : Buenos Aires, Argentina)
_95738
700 1 _aMartinis, Jorge
_96300
700 1 _aPérez-Pérez, Alfredo
_96301
700 1 _aCotte, Edgar
_96302
700 1 _aCastellanos, Luis
_96303
700 1 _aRodríguez, Héctor
_9845
711 2 _aLatin American and Caribbean Petroleum Engineering Conference (7th : 2001 mar. 25-28 : Buenos Aires, Argentina)
_95738
800 1 _aOvalles, Cesar
_96299
999 _c131093
_d131093
856 _uhttps://biblioteca.iapg.org.ar/ArchivosAdjuntos/LACPEC2001/Spe69561.pdf