Petroleum systems analysis includes identifying, describing, and quantifying the constitutive elements and evaluating the performance of involved system processes. The latter is carried out through petroleum systems modeling. In this contribution we show a multidimensional approach (1D, M1D, 2D, 3D, probabilistic modeling) applied in the Malvinas Basin, as new data were acquired, and knowledge of the subsurface was consolidated. This process contributed to identifying critical elements and processes, visualizing actions to reduce the perceived risk of leads/prospects, and creating a portfolio of opportunities in a complex basin. We applied a workflow in successively more complex simulation resolution for addressing key petroleum systems processes identification and efficiency evaluation. 1D modeling on exploration wells (burial/exhumation/thermal) allowed to define critical time and depth for the hydrocarbon generation onset and the thermal equilibrium stage of the interpreted source rocks. As most wells are located on the periphery of oil and gas kitchens, multi-1D models (M1D, 1D models extrapolated with grids) allowed a preliminary visualization of the kitchen size and running probabilistic models for charge (available hydrocarbons volume in the system) and synchronization risks, with auspicious results to move into the migration/trapping evaluation in three dimensions. The 3D modeling of the foreland basin (excluding the fold and thrust belt, due to software limitations) allowed to compute volumes for generated, expelled, and trapped hydrocarbons, assess properly hydrocarbon migration (in a 3D perspective), trap stability, trap charge and spill, and the hydrocarbons composition and phase. This modeling helped identifying a relatively narrow kitchen at the foredeep trough, which despite of being prolific enough to charge the main leads and prospects, didn’t prove long distance lateral migration to far-located plays. With 2D modeling we addressed this issue on regional transects including the fold and thrust belt. A complex reconstruction of the deformation history discloses an additional hydrocarbon charge generated/expelled in the deformed kitchens to the south and proved long-distance migration to the edges of the basin. These high-resolution models provided extremely precise insights on migration mechanisms (via carrier beds vs faults vs fine-grained matrix), accumulation, sealing, and preservation of hydrocarbons through time in a variety of plays. This evaluation suggests that models with increasing complexity allow identification of the key elements and the critic processes, as well as probabilistic simulation contribute to adjust the outreach of simulations in order to reduce risks, and thus optimize time and resources.