02583nmc a2200217 4500 20260520010325.0 260224s2012 CD I116 61 0015296 Friction reducers and the challenge of hight TDS Waters [Buenos Aires] Instituto Argentino del Petróleo y del Gas, IAPG 2012 01/11/2012 ; 01/11/2012 7 p. Hydraulic fracturing around the globe is experiencing a rapidly transforming landscape. Advances such as horizontal drilling have granted access to previously unreachable oil and gas deposits. On the other hand, water stresses and environmental pressures are beginning to place restrictions on water use – especially fresh water use – for stimulation and production. Low-quality water sources like produced water and flowback water offer a path forward, but traditional friction reducers face compromised performance in such environments. Next-generation friction reducers have been developed, however, that provide up to 60% friction reduction across a wide range of TDS levels. This unique class of friction reducers delivers high performance under what were previously restrictive conditions, such as water samples containing up to 230,000 ppm total dissolved solids, and tolerates extreme warm and cold temperatures. This allows stimulation companies to take advantage of a broader range of water sources and environmental conditions, expanding treatment options. Friction reduction measurements were performed using a laboratory-scale friction loop designed to simulate the turbulent flow conditions encountered during hydraulic fracturing. Flow rates up to 121 liters per minute were achieved in 12.7-mm diameter tubing, resulting in Reynolds numbers as high as 150,000. The polymer systems developed provided friction reduction in as high as 60% at temperatures ranging from 4 to 38 °C. Maximum friction reduction was reached in 90 seconds or less in all cases. By comparison, conventional friction reducers took nearly twice as long in high-TDS water and gave significantly lower levels of friction reduction. CONGTP Watson, Philip 52722 Kolla, Harsha 52723 Congreso Latinoamericano y del Caribe de Perforación, Terminación, Reparación y Servicio de Pozos (2012 ago. 7-70 : Buenos Aires) 52675 187383 187383 https://biblioteca.iapg.org.ar/ArchivosAdjuntos/Congreso-Latino-Perforacion-terminacion-reparacion-y-servicio-2012/60.pdf 0 0 0 0 255202 CDIAPG CDIAPG CD I116 61 0015296 2026-03-06 200059496 0 CD I116 61 0015296 200059496 2026-03-06 00:17:12 2026-03-06 ARCHIVO