01790nab a2200193 4500 20260520000906.0 260224s2010 xxu Energy intensity and greenhouse gas emissions from thermal enhanced oil recovery jul./ago. 2010 24/11/2010 ; 24/11/2010 9 p. ; 4581–4589 Transcripción del resumen del autor. Thermal enhanced oil recovery (TEOR) is used worldwide to increase the production of viscous heavy oils. The most common TEOR method injects steam into the subsurface reservoir to reduce the viscosity of the crude oil and allow it to flow. Production of steam for TEOR consumes energy, affecting the energy efficiency and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of oil production. This paper calculates the energy efficiency and GHG emissions of TEOR. Results are generated for generic cases and for California-specific cases. GHG emissions in the generic cases range from ˜105 to 120 g of CO2/MJ [gasoline basis, full fuel cycle, lower heating value (LHV) basis] when co-produced electricity displaces natural-gas-fired combined-cycle electricity. The carbon intensity varies with the energy demand of TEOR, the fuel combusted for steam generation, the amount of electric power co-generated, and the electricity mix. The emission range for co-generation-based TEOR systems is larger (˜70-120 g of CO2/MJ) when coal is displaced from the electricity grid (low) or coal is used for steam generation (high). The emission range for the California-specific cases is similar to that for the generic cases. 4 Energy & fuels 24 ARTICULO Brandt, Adam R. 42473 Unnasch, Stefan 43885 172091 172091 0 0 0 0 239910 BAAB BAAB 2026-03-05 200050061 0 200050061 2026-03-05 16:07:52 2026-03-05 ARTICULO