03650nmc a2200241 4500 20260608201323.0 260224s2001 xxu ing Inglés Texas energy conservation program distillation column operations Texas The Distillation Group 2001 18/05/2009 ; 13/01/2004 Publicado en el sitio web de The Distillation Group(http://www.distillationgroup.com), donde pueden consultarse otros artículos sobre temas relacionados. ; Página visitada en enero de 2004. ; Navegadores de Internet Transcripción del resumen presentado por el autor, en inglés Distillation operations have been branded as high energy users. An estimate 3% of the total energy used in the United States in 1976 was for distillation. Energy conservation is indicated. This manual is addressed to the small or medium sized chemical or refining company. It is structured to guide these people on how to analyze and reduce energy requirements. The criteria of no reduction or increased profitability of the process are stressed in analyzing any energy saving proposals. Information for writing the sections came from technical articles, design and operating experience, and seminars on energy conservation. This manual is divided into seven sections. The contents of the sections are discussed in the following paragraphs. Before any energy conservation steps can be logically taken, a knowledge of energy usage of the existing facility must be known. Section 2 of this manual describes a procedure for reviewing the original plant design, auditing the energy usage as presently operated, and collecting plant data if required for the audit. After the distillation process is analyzed for energy usage, the first step is to study energy saving improvements needing minimal capital investments and quickly implementable. Section 3 covers this, giving ideas on changing the operating procedure and scheduling shutdowns to maximize profits and minimize energy usage. Capital investments to save energy are generally longer term projects. These projects include the optimization of heat recovery and revisions of the column. Capital intensive and complex systems using vapor recompression or heat pumps are possible energy savers. These are covered in Section 4 along with heat losses and column control. For distillation processes, the energy used per pound of product is a simple ratio for evaluating the performance of the program to reduce energy usage. Similarly, an economic guideline is helpful in requesting management to make decisions concerning capital investments. In Section 5, the concept of investment equivalence to save a unit of energy is developed for use as an economic guideline. The economic interpretations of several energy savings proposals are discussed. Potential conflicts in placing a cost value on various steam pressures by accountants compared to its value from a thermo-dynamic or energy level viewpoint are discussed. The appendices include reprints of technical articles pertinent to distillation columns, a general energy savings checklist, a process energy checklist, and the results of a sample work problem on vapor recommendation. ARCHIVO Texas Industrial Commission 26173 Destilación 296 Columnas de destilación 2630 Condiciones operativas 25313 Balance de masa y energía 46 Texas Industrial Commission 26173 153591 153591 http://www.distillationgroup.com/distillation/H003/H003.htm 0 0 0 0 221410 BVIAPG BVIAPG 2026-03-05 200029740 0 200029740 2026-03-05 00:34:48 2026-03-05 INTERNET