02432nmc a2200373 4500 20260520005656.0 260224s xxu CD W938 1 0013960 WPC (16th.) The brazilian dilution method for ballast water exchange 12/09/06 ; 26/08/2003 12 p. Resumen del autor, extraído del trabajo. In a precautionary approach and dealing with the coming International Maritime Organization (IMO) regulations on ballast water, PETROBRAS developed a new method for ballast water exchange in tankers. Differently from ordinary methods PETROBRAS’ method which have been called BRAZILIAN DILUTION METHOD (BDM) involves ballast loading through the top with simultaneous unloading from the bottom of the tanks. The method proposal was firstly presented to IMO, which encouraged PETROBRAS to carry out a field trial. PETROBRAS in June 1998 carried out a trial in the product carrier M/V Lavras. A simulation study was useful to plan the trial assessing the theoretical efficiency of the method, establishing the best sampling points and comparing the BDM with the Tank Overfilling Method (TOM). Simulation showed that for the same tank shape, the water renewal in BDM is more effective than in TOM and that 90 % of water renewal could be obtained by BDM. A dye concentration variation monitoring and a biological assessment were performed and the results confirmed that over than 90 % of the ballast water was renewed after three exchanges. The method was proved safe, practical, economical and suitable to minimize the risk of exotic species transport between ports. v. 4, p. 271 CONGTP Mauro, C.A. 10062 Land, C.G. 10063 Pimenta, J.M.H.A. 10064 Brandão, M.V.L. 10065 Barreto, F.C.P. 10066 Marroig, N.L. 10067 Fadel, A.L.F. 10068 Petrobras 547 World Petroleum Congress (16th. : 2000 jun. 11-15 : Calgary, Alberta, Canada) 34 Land, C.G. 10063 Pimenta, J.M.H.A. 10064 Brandão, M.V.L. 10065 Barreto, F.C.P. 10066 Marroig, N.L. 10067 Fadel, A.L.F. 10068 Petrobras 547 Mauro, C.A. 10062 133641 133641 0 0 0 0 204560 BAAB BAAB CD W938 1 0013960 2026-03-04 200006144 0 CD W938 1 0013960 200006144 2026-03-04 14:03:31 2026-03-04 ARCHIVO