The study area includes the highly unexplored northern sector of the Argentine slope and basin floor, in the so-called Cuenca Argentina Norte, located about 300 km offshore from the town of Mar del Plata. With the purpose to evaluate the critical processes that led to the generation and expulsion of hydrocarbons in this area a two-dimensional petroleum system model was built. The absence of well data generates great uncertainty regarding the physical and geochemical properties of the different elements of the system. In order to estimate the associated risk, and after considering the more suitable regional analogues to constrain properties and boundary conditions, a sensitivity analysis on the basics elements of the petroleum system was performed. A regional W-E 2D seismic section, where the main sedimentary and morphostructural features were interpreted, was used for the construction of the physical model. The assumptions that were used to constrain the model properties and boundary conditions come from regional analogues due to the lack of calibration wells. The properties and processes related to the generation and expulsion of hydrocarbons within this context were analyzed, and the critical factors and processes of the system were defined. For the case study presented the critical factors turn out to be the thermal model and organic richness. The sensitivity analysis presented in this work highlight those key factors to focus the analysis in order to limit the degree of uncertainty and consequent impact on the results.