Infrared (IR) Thermography is a mature technology regularly used to inspect equipment in industrial applications from electrical equipment to heaters. One of the specialized branches of the field is its use on fired equipment to monitor conditions inside a firebox while in operation. Accurate thermography in these conditions is difficult but can be achieved with the proper equipment and analysis techniques. Most owner/ operators may use IR Thermography for regular inspection, but this presentation will focus on applications past simple inspection. The data provided by thermography, while a heater is online, can be used to debottleneck equipment to capture more rate or margin while keeping it safe and reliable. This presentation focuses on a basic overview of the technology and real-world case studies of novel applications of IR to debottleneck equipment or prevent equipment damage. Units presented will include a steam methane reformer, delayed coker, crude atmospheric heater, and olefin cracker heater.