The nature of crude is changing and the refining industry must change with it. At one time, oil wells could be adequately characterized by a crude assay that would change only slowly with time. Thus, refineries could count on fairly stable feedstock. That is no longer the case, with the arrival of shale oil and other opportunity crudes resulting in wider feedstock variations. Dealing with this situation requires three components: an ability to do accurate, on-the-fly, rapid analysis; the capability to adjust feedstock blending as needed; and smart process control to achieve the best processing possible. This paper will describe the tight oil characteristics which require some modifications to the refineries production schemes that are underway or in engineering phase in US and Argentina.