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Transcripción del abstract original del autor: On the grounds of environmental concerns to a large extent, Mexico’s energy policy has been directed to the use of natural gas (NG) as a substitute and/or complement of fuel oil in the power and industrial sectors, of gasoline and diesel in the transport sector, and of LPG in the residential sector. The market penetration of NG will change substantially the demand of oil products and NG, and the profile of atmospheric emissions from the production, processing, storage, transport, distribution and end use of the mix of oil products employed. There will be modifications in the pollution of areas adjacent to the production centers and of urban areas like the Metropolitan Area of Mexico City (MAMC), as well as in the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The present paper reports on the project carried out by the Environmental and Safety Research Program at the Mexican Petroleum Institute, to characterize sources and their emissions (emission factors and inventories), to understand the mechanisms of transport and formation of the resulting photochemical smog and aerosols,to understand the processes of acid deposition at a regional scale in Southeast Mexico, to quantify health effects associated with the atmospheric pollution in the MAMC, to carry out a technical-economical prospective and to evaluate strategies and technological options and to deriveappropiate sustainability indicators.