Lithium production is being promoted by the rise of renewable energies and the energy transition to reduce the use of fossil fuels and promote clean energy generation. Lithium is a key raw material in the manufacture of rechargeable lithium-ion batteries used in many electronic products, including electric vehicles. In South America, and in Argentina in particular, lithium is found in salt flats and salt lakes, many of which have not been studied. Although small ones have little individual potential, they could be exploited with other projects and add value to a region. In this paper, the results of a geoelectrical and geochemical prospection in a mature salt flat in the province of Catamarca are presented. Forty vertical electrical sounding were measured using a Schlumberger array to determine the resistivity contrasts presented by the different formations. Groundwater electrical conductivity was determined in 10 samples, where lithium, potassium and manganese contents were also analyzed. The geophysical survey allowed us to recognize two sectors with very low resistivity values (0.1 to 1 Ohm m), in the center of the saline body from the surface to 70 m. Layers with very low and low resistivity values are interbedded in the basin with medium to high resistivity values (10 to 100 Ohm m), indicating possible lithological and salinity variations in groundwater. In the very low resistivity layers, lithium and potassium present the highest concentration values in the brine (shallow aquifer). These results could be evidence of the location of a saline nucleus in the central sector of the basin. Results show the applicability of vertical electrical soundings the initial stages of lithium surveys. VES allow the identification and delineation of lithium brines. The combined used with other methods, such as geochemistry, is useful to reduce ambiguity in the interpretation of the data.