Resumen del autor, extraído del trabajo. Under the centralized Soviet economy, all the subsoil resources have been developed by state owned enterprises and all the products and profits belonged to the State. The basis for the then industrial mechanism operating within the economic system has been centralized economic planning while the system itself can be characterized as administrative command system. All the enterprises have been governed from a single centre (Gosplan) and no partnership in the relations between the centre and executive enterprises could ever be possible. The market economy has made it possible to develop Russian oil fields by enterprises that can be attributed either to big oil producing companies created on the basis of privatization (stockholding) of former state owned oil producing associations or to newly incorporated medium and small oil producing companies - joint stock communities with this or that form of their property: state participation, no state participation, Russian capital only, mixed Russian and foreign capital investment (joint ventures), foreign investment only, etc.